2D Structure
3D Structure
| Properties | |
|---|---|
| PID | PID00078 |
| Mol. Weight | 102.133 g/mol |
| LogP | 1.21 |
| Water solubility | 0.631 mol/L at 20 °C |
| Hydrogen Bond Donor | 1 |
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor | 2 |
| Rotatable Bonds | 2 |
| XLogP3 | 1.2 |
| Identifiers | |
|---|---|
| Formula | C5H10O2 |
| PubChem CID | 10430 |
| FEMA | 3102 |
| Flavor Profile | Cheese, Pungent; Disagreeable, Rancid-Cheese Odor, Acid Taste. |
| Smiles | CC(C)CC(=O)O |
| InChl Key | GWYFCOCPABKNJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| InChl | InChI=1S/C5H10O2/c1-4(2)3-5(6)7/h4H,3H2,1-2H3,(H,6,7) |
| CAS Registry Number | 503-74-2, 35915-22-1 |
| IUPAC Systematic Name | 3-methylbutanoic acid |
Organ Location Map/System Distribution of Pungent Flavor Compounds’ Targets
Note: Known Targets (Gene) from 6952 literatures, DrugBank (http://www.drugbank.ca/), STITCH (http://stitch.embl.de/), ChEMBL (https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chembl/), Therapeutic Target Database (http://bidd.nus.edu.sg/group/ttd/), and Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD, http://ctdbase.org/)
| English Name | Pinyin Name (Chinese Name) | Latin Name | Properties in TCM | merdians | View Graph |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dahurian Angelica | Bai Zhi(白芷) | Angelicae Dahuricae Radix | Warm, Pungent | Lung, Spleen, Stomach | View Graph |
| Chinese Nardostachys Equivalent plant: Nardostachy | Gan Song(甘松) | Nardostachyos Radix Et Rhizoma | Warm, Pungent, Sweet | Lung, Bladder, Heart | View Graph |
| Cassiabarktree Twig | Gui Zhi (桂枝) | Cinnamomi Ramulus | Warm, Pungent, Sweet | Lung, Bladder, Heart | View Graph |
| Great Burdock Fruit | Niu Bang Zi(牛蒡子) | Arctii Fructus | Cold, Bitter, Pungent | Bladder, Spleen, Liver，Stomach | View Graph |
| Safflower | Hong Hua (红花) | Carthami Flos | Warm,Pungent | Spleen, Stomach, Kidney, Lung | View Graph |
| Bush Redpepper | La Jiao (辣椒) | Capsici Fructus | Hot, Pungent | Lung, Spleen, Stomach, Heart, Kidney | View Graph |
Isovaleric acid, is an organic compound with the formula (CH3)2CHCH2CO2H. It is sometimes classified as a fatty acid. It is a colourless liquid that
is sparingly soluble in water, but highly soluble in most common organic solvents. The compound occurs naturally, including in essential oils.Isovaleric
acid has a strong pungent cheesy or sweaty smell, but its volatile esters have pleasing scents and are used widely in perfumery. It has been proposed that
it is the anticonvulsant agent in valerian. It is a major component of the cause of unpleasant foot odor, as it is produced by skin bacteria metabolizing
leucine.
Isovaleric acid is seen as the primary cause of the flavors added to wine caused by Brettanomyces yeasts.Isovaleric acid has been used to synthesize
-hydroxyisovaleric acid C otherwise known as -hydroxy -methylbutyric acid C via microbial oxidation by the fungus Galactomyces reessii.
Note: Click anywhere in the blank, you can drag the whole dynamic diagram. Click on a node, you can drag his location to see it more clearly. The blue circle represents pharmacology, toxicology, or daily use. Orange hexagon represents the pungent compounds.
1. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3-Methylbutanoic_acid
2. Eadie M J. Could valerian have been the first anticonvulsant?[J]. Epilepsia, 2004, 45(11): 1338-1343.
3. Ara K, Hama M, Akiba S,Koike, K., Okisaka, K., Hagura, T.,Tomita, F. Foot odor due to microbial metabolism and its control[J]. Canadian journal of microbiology, 2006, 52(4): 357-364.
4. Jackson R S. Wine science: principles and applications[M]. Academic press, 2008.
5. Lee I Y, Nissen S L, Rosazza J P. Conversion of beta-methylbutyric acid to beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyric acid by Galactomyces reessii[J]. Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 1997, 63(11): 4191-4195.
6. Ribeiro, C. A., Balestro, F., Grando, V., Wajner, M. Isovaleric acid reduces Na+, K+-ATPase activity in synaptic membranes from cerebral cortex of young rats[J]. Cellular and molecular neurobiology, 2007, 27(4): 529-540.
7. Ando, T., Klingberg, W. G., Ward, A. N., Rasmussen, K., & Nyhan, W. L. Isovaleric acidemia presenting with altered metabolism of glycine[J]. Pediatric Research, 1971, 5(9): 478.
8. Hine, D. G., Hack, A. M., Goodman, S. I., Tanaka, K. Stable isotope dilution analysis of isovalerylglycine in amniotic fluid and urine and its application for the prenatal diagnosis of isovaleric acidemia[J]. Pediatric research, 1986, 20(3): 222.
9. Tanaka K, Orr J C, Isselbacher K J. Identification of β-hydroxyisovaleric acid in the urine of a patient with isovaleric acidemia[J]. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)-Lipids and Lipid Metabolism, 1968, 152(3): 638-641.